About the author: Antonio M. Molina (1918–2000) historian, educator, lawyer, linguist and diplomat. A feature in the Philippine Daily Inquirer summarized his life as follows:
Molina was a historian, educator, lawyer, polyglot and diplomat. Educated at Colegio de San Juan de Letran, UST, and Universidad Complutense de Madrid, he was a well-regarded professor, scholar, lawyer, and later press attaché and consul in the Philippine embassy in Madrid.
He spoke Tagalog and was fluent in Spanish and English. He was proficient in French, Portuguese, Italian and Japanese.
At UST where he was a faculty member for a quarter of a century, Molina was dean of civil law (1960-66), director of the Institute of History (1967-1970), and vice rector for external affairs (1968-1970).
He taught Philippine history, civil law, ethics, philosophy, and Rizal studies.
As a historian, Molina is best known for “The Philippines Through the Centuries” (1961), used by many UST students as textbook in history classes. The book is noted for having been the first Philippine history book to rely extensively on primary documents and other archival materials, which Molina obtained during his extensive research in Spain from 1957 to 1960.
His “Historia de Filipinas” published in Madrid in 1984 was awarded the Premio Literario Enrique Zobel in 1985.
Molina also was acclaimed for his book, “Yo, Jose Rizal,” published in Madrid in 1998.
His war memoirs, “Dusk and Dawn in the Philippines: Memoirs of a Living Witness of World War II,” published in 1996, was also well-regarded.
In lexicography, Molina co-authored “Hispanismos en el Tagalo,” commissioned by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, Cultural Organization for the International Year of the Book and published in Madrid in 1972.
In 1992, President Corazon C. Aquino awarded Molina the Presidential Medal of Merit for his lifelong contributions to history, culture and letters, and for his outstanding efforts in fostering Philippine-Spanish relations.
About the diary: Published as Dusk and dawn in the Philippines: memoirs of a living witness of World War II, Quezon City, Philippines : New Day Publishers, 1996.
We have included those entries clearly written as, or which originated as, diary entries; others which are clearly written after the fact, have not been included. When there is any doubt, we have erred on the side of inclusion.
The Philippine Diary Project is grateful to the author’s son for permission to include the diary entries from the book.